The Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) is an educational framework introduced in Kenya in 2017 to replace the traditional 8-4-4 system. Developed by the Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD), it emphasizes the development of skills, values, and attitudes alongside academic knowledge. CBC is learner-centered, outcome-based, and designed to prepare students for the challenges of the modern world.
Key Features of the CBC:
1. Competency-Based Approach:
Focuses on building practical skills, critical thinking, problem-solving, and creativity.
Moves away from rote memorization and emphasizes real-world applications of knowledge.
2. Learning Areas: CBC integrates both academic and non-academic learning, including:
Core subjects like Mathematics, English, and Science.
Creative Arts, Physical Education, and Life Skills.
Pre-vocational and vocational subjects at advanced levels.
3. Levels of Education: The CBC has seven learning levels:
Early Years Education (Pre-primary 1 & 2, Grades 1–3): Focus on foundational skills in literacy, numeracy, and motor development.
Middle School (Grades 4–6): Strengthens understanding and introduces subjects like Environmental Studies and Creative Arts.
Junior Secondary (Grades 7–9): Introduces specialized areas, encouraging exploration of interests.
Senior Secondary (Grades 10–12): Students specialize in pathways like Arts and Sports, Social Sciences, or STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics).
4. Assessment:
Emphasizes continuous assessment rather than one-time national exams.
National assessments such as Kenya Primary School Education Assessment (KPSEA) and Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) still exist, but with less weight compared to the 8-4-4 system.
Focus on evaluating competencies, including communication, digital literacy, and self-management.
5. Parental Involvement: Parents are actively involved in supporting their children’s learning, as CBC emphasizes a holistic approach to education.
